Every year, the cost of electrical energy is becoming more and more, and this, in turn, makes users think about controlling its consumption and saving. The consumption rate and cost of electricity differ depending on the purpose of the household, territorial and climatic features, availability of energy carriers and other factors. Knowing the price and the number of kilowatt-hours worked, you can understand the final amount that the user will pay. If the price per kWh is a fixed value, then consumption is a calculated value.
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How to determine electricity consumption
The consumption of electrical energy can be calculated in various ways: using a calculation or using various metering devices. At the same time, each of these methods will allow you to evaluate the energy efficiency of any device.
According to the table
A simplified version of the calculation is an approximate calculation using this table or adapting it to your situation.
| Name of the electrical appliance | Maximum power, kW | Number of devices, pcs. | Working time per day, h | Monthly consumption (30 days), kW | Amount payable, rub. (tariff 3.48) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fridge | 0,6 | 1 | 2 | 36 | 125,28 |
| Television | 0,5 | 2 | 5 | 75 | 261 |
| Washing machine | 2,2 | 1 | 3 | 198 | 689,04 |
| Dishwasher | 2,5 | 1 | 3 | 225 | 783 |
| Kettle | 1,2 | 1 | 1 | 36 | 125,28 |
| Microwave | 1,1 | 1 | 0,5 | 16,5 | 57,42 |
| Lighting (lamps) | 0,01 | 10 | 5 | 1,5 | 5,22 |
This table shows the daily operation of electrical appliances at maximum power, the actual consumption may vary. Some instruments may run for several hours a week or a month, so it is best to base on the actual situation on site.
The tabular form allows you to visually understand which appliance consumes the most energy, analyze the possibility of reducing the operation of certain appliances, switch to more energy efficient devices or stop using some appliances.
According to the formula
Also you can calculate the energy consumption using the load current and mains voltage. This is all the more convenient when you know the current consumed, but do not know the power of the device. In such a situation, according to Ohm's law, to begin with, the maximum power consumption of the device is determined: P=I(current)*U(voltage). And then, calculate the power consumption per hour: Pch \u003d P (power) * t (1 hour).
Based on the calculation using this formula, you can also compile a table and analyze the energy consumption in a given room, then it will become clear which device is the most energy-consuming.
Online calculator
The simplest and most convenient tool for calculating electrical energy is a free online calculator.
It allows you to calculate the power consumption both for one device and for all devices in a residential area. For this, you do not need to have special experience and knowledge. It is enough to enter information in each field: the price per kW of electricity in your region, the power of each device and the period for which you want to calculate the consumption.
How to calculate electricity by power
In order to determine the consumption of electrical energy per hour, it is necessary to know the power of each electrical appliance operating during this period.
Each device in the technical specifications and on the back cover usually indicates its maximum power. Therefore, the maximum electricity consumption per hour will be equal to this value.
For example, we have a kettle with a maximum power of 1200 W or 1.2 kW, then, respectively, the energy consumption of this kettle per hour will be 1.2 kWh.
This calculation is valid for situations when the device is operating at maximum power. If it works in another mode (with less power), then the calculation will be inaccurate. For example, if one burner is working at the stove, with a power of 7.5 kW, it is clear that the consumption will be much lower than the maximum.
More accurate consumption is considered by special devices that can be connected both to a separate device or an outlet group, and installed on the entire living space as a whole, for example, electricity meters. Some of these devices can transmit information in real time to a computer for further analysis, which is quite often used in smart home systems or for automatic electricity metering service organizations.
In order to save money, any prudent owner must know how much energy each appliance in his house consumes and plan the use of each device based on this (for example, with a two-tariff meter at night the use of powerful devices will be much cheaper), as well as abandon energy-inefficient appliances. Assess the difference in electricity consumption LED lamps and incandescent lamps you can in our article on this topic.
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