We use electricity every day. And in order not to be deceived when paying, you need to calculate the amount spent correctly. To do this, each house or apartment has a device for measuring electricity consumption. This article describes what will help you calculate and pay correctly for your electricity tariff.
Federal Tariff Service is an authorized government body that controls and regulates the prices of goods or services. Controls naturally occurring monopolies and the fairness of prices for goods and services.
Content
Types of electricity tariffs
The main types of electricity tariff system are:
- one-rate tariff according to the meter (the fee is taken into account only for kilowatt-hours marked in the meter);
- two-part tariff with the main rate for the power of the connected electrical receivers (the kilowatt-hours marked in the meter and the total power of all power receivers are paid. Such a tariff was created for large industrial enterprises, because their devices have a very high power and the cost of electrical equipment and the power supply system in some cases exceeds 50% of the value of the enterprise);
- two-part tariff with payment of the maximum load (kWatt-hours marked in the meter and the maximum load of all power receivers are paid);
- two-part tariff with the main rate for the power of the consumer participating in the maximum of the power system (the fee for kilowatt-hours is taken into account with an additional fee for power during peak hours and at other hours at different rates);
- single-rate tariff, differentiated by time of day, days of the week, seasons of the year (only kilowatt-hours marked in the meter are paid, but the rate is differentiated by periods).
The basis for calculating the tariff is the Federal Law on the Use of Electricity, accounting for its consumption in a particular region and the cost of components for the supply of electricity to the premises.
There are a number of factors to consider in order to figure out how much to charge for a service:
- a gas supply system has been installed in the house;
- is there a metering device for electricity consumed in the house or apartment, and if so, what type of device is installed;
*IMPORTANT: When calculating the tariff, it is necessary to take into account which mode of consumption of utility services is officially fixed in your apartment.For example, the house is connected to gas supply, but the gas stove is not used in this apartment, but this is not officially documented. It would be a mistake to assume that the apartment is billed as without the use of a gas stove, but in fact in this case the billing is the same as with a gas stove.
To find out the rate for payment you need:
- Go to the website of the power supply of your region.
- Select the Rates tab.
- Select city, region, locality.
- From the presented table, select the desired section: “In houses equipped in the prescribed manner with stationary electric stoves and (or) electric heating installations” - in other words, apartments without gas supply / For apartments and houses equipped with electric stoves / For apartments and houses in rural areas ".
- Select the section with the tariff plan of your counter (without differentiation by time of consumption, two-tariff or multi-tariff meter).
Methods for calculating the amount of payment for electricity
According to electricity meter
This is the easiest and most popular way.
According to the one-rate system, you need to multiply the amount of electricity consumed by the rate per kilowatt-hour.
According to a two-tariff meter, you need to multiply the amount of electricity consumed at night by night rate of kilowatt-hours and add it to the product of the amount of electricity used during the day by the daily rate of kilowatt-hours.
For a multi-tariff meter, you need to add the products of 3 terms: the amount of electricity consumed at peak times the rate of kilowatt-hours at peak, the amount of electricity used at half-peak times the rate of kilowatt-hours at half-peak, and the amount of electricity consumed at night at the night rate of one kilowatt-hours.
Payment based on social norms of consumption
In 2012, the government of the Russian Federation in a number of regions established a social norm for electricity consumption. It is calculated from the place of residence, the number of residents and varies by season. The system has two tariffs: for payment for electricity that does not go beyond the social norm and a tariff for payment for electricity that goes beyond the social norm.
Thus, in order to calculate the amount of payment for electricity, you need to add the products of two data: the amount of electricity used that does not go beyond social norms multiplied by the rate of kilowatt-hours that do not go beyond the social norm and the amount of electricity consumed in excess of the social norm by the rate of kilowatt-hours that go beyond the social norm .
Payment without meter data
To understand what formula will be used to calculate payment without meter data, you need to know the reason for the lack of data.
- The absence of an electric meter or its data was not transmitted for more than 6 months.
The amount of the payment will be equal to the product of the number of people registered in the territory, the consumption standard established in the region, the approved tariff in the region and the coefficient increasing for consumers who do not have an individual meter, but it is possible to install it.
- The meter is not corrected or the reading was not transmitted in time.
In such a situation, the average electricity consumption for six and three months is calculated. Those. the amount of electricity spent for six (three) months is divided by the number of months and multiplied by the tariff established in the region.
How to take readings from the meter correctly is written in our article.
With the help of a common house device for measuring the spent electricity
It is necessary to subtract the amount of consumption in non-residential premises, in apartments with and without meters from the volume of consumption in the whole house, multiply by the quotient between the area of \u200b\u200bthe apartment and the area of all residential and non-residential premises and multiply the result by the tariff set for this region.
Without the help of a common house counter
It is necessary to multiply the house-wide rate of electricity consumption by the area of all used premises in the house, multiply by the quotient between the area of \u200b\u200bthe apartment and the area of \u200b\u200ball residential and non-residential premises, and multiply the result by the tariff.
Calculation of electricity by power
Each electrical appliance is marked with its capacity.
*IMPORTANT: Some electrical appliances are labeled with a power range. For example, from 500 to 1000, you need to add these two numbers and divide by 2. We get the average value of 750 and it just needs to be taken into account.
Next, we find out which device works for how many hours, as well as with power, we determine the average value of its work per day and multiply it by the average value of its power. This is where the energy they consume comes from.
To determine how much total electricity was spent over a certain period of time, you need to add up the data for each device and divide by 1000 (because electricity is paid in kW / h, and the power on the devices is indicated in W). The resulting number is multiplied by the number of days for which electricity is paid. Then, the result is multiplied by the tariff and we get the amount to pay for electricity.
*IMPORTANT: some appliances work for different amounts of time in different seasons, so you need to take these changes into account each time.
In order not to get into a difficult situation with the payment of electricity, you need to take into account all factors, monitor changes in tariffs and systematically check the health of metering devices.
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